If the application is rejected for any reason in the first Office Action, the applicant is entitled to respond, amending the application, presenting arguments, or both, to obtain allowance of at least one claim. The applicant usually has three months to respond to an Office Action, although this period can be extended to as long as six months upon the payment of extension fees. The extension fee more than doubles each month, so the response should be filed promptly. The Examiner considers the applicant’s response and issues another Office Action. The exchange between the applicant and the Examiner (called the “prosecution” of the application) continues until all of the claims pending in the application are allowed or until the rejection is made final. If the applicant disagrees with a final rejection, the applicant can file a continuation application to continue prosecution, file a new continuation-in-part application adding new matter to the application, or appeal the rejection. Appeals first go to the Board of Appeals and Interferences in the Patent Office, and ultimately to the federal courts.